Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78)

H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 Geological Survey of India, Calcutta, IN

Abstract

In the south-eastern portion of the North Karanpura coalfield, Bihar, two coal seams, known as Upper Bachra and Lower Bachra in the Bachra area, and Ray Top and Ray Bottom in the contiguous Ray area, occur in the Karharbari formations. The geology of these areas is indicative of the Bachra seams being the eastern extension of the Ray seams. Their correlation by coal petrography has been attempted in the present paper.

To evaluate the applicability of petrographic method in seam correlation, composition by group maceral and microlithotype was determined for fourteen coals from eight Gondwana coalfields; the microlithotype composition was more characteristic of the petrographic nature of coals. Petrographic profiles of Bachra seams were prepared; they depict the petrographic naturem which varies from seam to seam. The microlithotype composition of Churi, Ray Top, Argada, and Sirka seams was determined on seam total basis; it indicated that each of the seams has a distinctive composition being different for different seams.

The petrographic composition by group maceral, microlithotype, and "group microlithotype" of the Bachra and Ray area seams was determined on scam total basis and correlations made. The composition of Upper and Lower Bachra was found to be similar to that of Ray Top and Bottom seams respectively; the former are, therefore, the eastward extensions of the latter.

The present paper introduces the applicability of coal petrography in correlation of Indian coal seams. It also presents the first petrographic profile of any Indian coal seam.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 Geological Survey of India, Lucknow, IN

Abstract

Extensive drilling operations carried out by the Geological Survey of India and the Indian Bureau of Mines, in the north-eastern portion of Singrauli coalfield, M.P. and V.P., have revealed the existence of several thick and persistent coal seams, named as Kota, in the Karharbaris, Turra and Purewa from the bottom, in the Barakars, and Jhingurdah Top and Jhingurdah Bottom in the Raniganj formations. Petrological studies of the coals representing these seams in cores and from the quarry faces, have been carried out.

The Karharbari and Barakar coals are composed of mainly durite, 'intermediates', and fusite, while the Raniganj coals are essentially vitrinite-rich, being composed of a greater proportion of vitrite, clarite and the' intermediates' than durite and fusite. The mineral matter is thoroughly disseminated in the organic layers, and it is doubtful if mechanical washing methods can improve the quality of coal. The petrographic composition is also unfavourable for making metallurgical coke. The sporinite content is quite high and may be useful for hydrogenation.

The Singrauli coals are similar in petrographic composition to the coals of the adjacent coalfields of Son valley basin. It is also inferred that the Singrauji basin formed a part of the large spread of the Gondwana sediments from Talcher in the east to Singrauli in the west, forming the Son-Mahanadi basin.

The burnt coal occurs at the expected outcrop position of the Purewa seam in asso. ciation with para lava-fused Barakar sandstone. The presence of cristobalite indicates that temperatures up to 1300°C were reached during spontaneous combustion of the coal seam.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 Geological Survey of India, Lucknow, IN

Abstract

Studies on the Darla trap have not been made previously. The Darla trap is overlain by the rocks of Basantpur Formation, and underlain by those of the Sundernagar Formation. It forms the core of an antiform, and its northern extremity is in thrust contact with the Shalis, the volcanics trending along this contact as a thinned outcrop south-easterly to Tattapani and beyond.

Microscopically, the Darla trap comprises saussuritised plagioclase felspar microlites and laths, altered clinopyroxene of diopsidic-augite range, pseudomorphs of olivine, granular and massive or skeletal iron ores, glass, palagonite, chlorite, epidote, apatite, and spinel. The amygdaloidal variety is the most common, and includes arnygdules of quartz, chalcedony, zeolite, chlorite, and quartz being surrounded by a thick rim of pink chalcedony. The other common variety has porphyritic chlorite in ophitic texture with plagioclase felspar. The chief rock types are basalt, palagonite-basalt, diabase, spilite, actionlitic-ferrunginous schistose rock, and rhyolite, the volcanic outpourings being thus of essentially basic rocks.

Chemically, the Darla trap shows gradation between tholeiitic and alkali basalts. The analytical data has been plotted on alkali-silica, Or-Ab-An, Fe₊-(Na+K)-Mg, DI-Oxides, SI-Oxides variation diagrams.

The Mandi trap forms part of the Darla-Mandi volcanics, and these traps are considered to be represented by the Panjal trap in the Simla area by Heron. Comparative studies have been made between the Darla, Mandi, and Panjal traps, and inferences drawn.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 Geological Survey of India, Calcutta 700016, IN

Abstract

The Umia Beds (Wealden) exposing a seam of Iignito-bituminous coal 75 cm in thickness near Ghuneri in Kutch, is of Cretaceous age. The coal is high in moisture (8.09-12.15%), ash (11.61-23.81 %), and sulphur (1.91-3.04%) contents, and is lustrous, banded and vitrain-rich. It is composed dominantly of collinite, and commonly of telinite, showing microstructural details of the secondary wood palmoxylon (?) flora. Fusinite is common and shows cell lumen occupied by carbonized resins or a dark coaly matter possibly bituminite. Fusinized resins occur as traces and are similar to those in the Gondwana coals. Fungal sclerotia is recorded and is similar to that in the Tertiary lignites.

The coal is distinct and different from the Gondwana coals or Tertiary lignites, but shows greater resemblance in petrological characters to the Permian coals of Damodar Valley.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 Geological Survey of India, Calcutta 700016, IN

Abstract

The region west of the Aravalli Range in Rajasthan witnessed Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Palaeogene sedimentation, with the Delhi Supergroup and the Malani igneous suite of rocks forming the basement. Cambrian sedimentation was confined to the Marwar Basins-Nagaur and Birmania; the Nagaur Basin being extensive, trending north and northwestwards to Salt Range (Upper Indus Basin). The Upper Palaeozoic remnants appear as Bap Boulder Bed (Upper Carboniferous) and Badhaura Sandstone (marine Permain) along the northwestern fringe of the Nagaur Basin; the Permians are fluviatile in the deeper parts of Jaisalmer area. The Lathi Basin (Liassic) had an extensive spread of fluviatile sediments. The Jaisalmer Basin (Callovian-Lutetian) formed part of the Indus geosyncline, Pakistan. The Palana-Ganganagar shelf (Paleocene-Eocene) had two embayments at Palana and Ganganagar, and extended up to Salt Range. The Barmer Basin (Cretaceous-Eocene) was sloping northwards and tectonically controlled by Cambay graben, Gujarat. Facies variations are exhibited by these Basins.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 Geological Survey of India, Calcutta 700016, IN

Abstract

Petrological and geochemical studies on a representative set of specimens of the basement gneissic rocks of Panchet dam area, district Dhanbad, Bihar, and district Purulia, West Bengal, have indicated that these rocks are derived from an anatectic migmatitic suite of granitic composition, formed at a possible temperature range ca 650°-700° C under 5 Kb. P_H20.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 Calcutta 700 016, IN

Abstract

Explosion breccia, tuff and felsite constitute the felsic volcanic rocks at Tosham Hill. Petrographically, the groundmass of tuff is distinct from that of felsite in being associated intimately with particles of iron ores. Geochemically, these rocks arc classified as potassic rhyolites and dacites. The trace elemental data show that explosion breccia is higher in Ba (230, 250ppm) than tuff and felsite (1O-60ppm); B(220ppm) and Sn (180 ppm) values predict significant economic concentrations of the latter at depth: quartz-porphyry dyke may perhaps be correlated with the Malani episode.

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H. S. Pareek

Abstract

No Abstract.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 BH 23, Pallav Puram, Meerut-250110, U. P, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 BH 23., Pallava Puram, Meerut, 250110, U. P, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 BH 23, Pallav Puram Meerut 250 110, IN

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No Abstract.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 Pallav Puram, Meerut - 250 110, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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H. S. Pareek

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No Abstract.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 Pallavapuram Meerut - 250 110, U.P., IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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H. S. Pareek

Abstract

No Abstract.

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H. S. Pareek ¹

Affiliations
1 BH 23, Pallav Puram, Meerut, U.P. 250 110, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

Full Text